Pureflow Bio

PUREFLOW BIO / ENGINEERING FIELD GUIDE

Drum Filter Mesh SizeWhich Micron Panel to Choose

Drum filter mesh size explained: micron versus mesh, how 20, 40, 70, 100 and 120 micron panels compare, the rinse water trade-off, and why 70 micron suits most koi ponds.

12 MIN GUIDEUPDATED NOVEMBER 2026
Close-up of the stainless steel screen and spray nozzles on a Pureflow drum filterEQUIPMENT REFERENCE
Equipment reference illustration. Confirm the supplied model configuration and installation arrangement from its approved documentation.
01Understand the mechanismInspect the relevant process stages.
02Review the operating dutyKeep assumptions and measured values visible.
03Prepare the next decisionUse the guide, tools and project checks.
INTERACTIVE PROCESS ATLAS

See the mechanism.
Understand the duty.

Select a route or a stage to inspect the process. The cutaway explains the equipment and water environment; it is a teaching illustration, not a project drawing.

Swipe horizontally to inspect the equipment. Stage buttons below also centre the selected component.
Rotary drum screen and separate waste routePUREFLOW / INTERACTIVE PROCESS ATLASCONCEPT LAYOUT · NOT TO SCALECULTURE WATERSCREEN + SPRAY + DRIVEDOWNSTREAM BIOLOGYWASH WASTE OUTWASH SUPPLYMotion explains the process; it is not a measured flow rate or biological time model.
Follow water across the screen and toward the downstream treatment. The line speed is illustrative.
Selected process stage

Capture solids

Use actual flow, screen opening and solids duty.

How it works

Particles are retained as water crosses the screen. Dissolved contaminants require other treatment stages.

What to establish
  • Use actual flow, screen opening and solids duty.
  • Confirm approved levels, wash supply and waste drainage.
  • Observe a complete guarded cycle before changing settings.

Continue this guide ↗

Filtration mode. Wash sequence and timing are illustrative. Geometry, stage order, pipe routes and equipment configuration are conceptual. Use the approved project design, operating instructions and verified model data.

Key takeaways

  • For most koi ponds and water gardens, 70 to 75 micron is the balanced starting point, and it is the standard Pureflow screen.
  • Finer panels catch haze and silt but rinse more often. Coarser panels rinse less but let fine particles through.
  • Micron is the size of one opening, so a smaller number means a finer screen. Mesh count works the other way round.
  • Start with the standard panel, run a full season, and change only when the rinse pattern gives you a reason.
Close-up of the stainless steel screen and spray nozzles on a Pureflow drum filter
The stainless steel screen and spray nozzles of a Pureflow Standard drum filter.
THE SHORT ANSWER

Which micron drum filter do you need?

For most koi ponds and water gardens, a panel of 70 to 75 micron is the right place to start. It catches visible waste, haze and debris, and it rinses at a steady, sensible rate. Pureflow Standard drum filters ship with a 75 micron stainless steel screen for exactly this reason.

Go finer, to 40 micron, only when the load is light and you want the last bit of clarity. Go coarser, to 100 or 120 micron, when the load is heavy, leaves are a problem, or the drum is rinsing so often that it cannot keep up. The rest of this guide shows how to decide, and the rotary drum filter guide explains the machine itself.

Spray bar and screen panel of a Pureflow Standard RDF
Reference visual. Equipment configuration and project details must be confirmed separately.
PLANNING WORKBENCH

Work with your own numbers.

Use the tools below to explore the relevant arithmetic. Enter measured values or declared assumptions. An estimate does not establish equipment capacity, biological performance or a safe operating limit.

Measured wash-water use

Use measurements across complete wash cycles and the recorded daily cycle count.

Assumptions and limits

Identify whether you measured wash supply or total waste discharge. No default litres per Pureflow wash cycle are assumed.

—Measured litres/cycle
—Estimated litres/day
Enter your values, or load the labelled arithmetic example. No design values are pre-filled.
FormulaLitres/cycle = measured litres ÷ test cycles. Daily litres = litres/cycle × daily cycles.
Convert units before you calculate
Choose units and enter a value.

Planning arithmetic · inputs remain visible for review · example values are not operating recommendations

THE BASICS

What is a micron, and is it the same as mesh?

A micron, written µm, is one thousandth of a millimetre. On a drum filter it is the size of each opening in the screen. A 70 micron panel has openings 0.07 mm across, so particles larger than that stay on the inside, and smaller ones can pass through.

Mesh count is a different measure. It counts openings per inch, so a higher mesh number means a finer screen, the opposite of microns. Drum filter panels are specified in microns because that is the number that tells you what will be caught.

TermWhat it measuresFiner screen means
Micron (µm)Size of each openingA smaller number
Mesh countOpenings per inchA larger number

To get a feel for the scale, compare these everyday sizes. They are approximate and vary widely.

ItemApproximate sizeCaught by
Leaf fragment, feed crumbOver 500 µmEvery panel
Fine sand grain60 to 250 µm70 µm and finer, often 100 µm too
Human hair width50 to 100 µmMost panels
Fine silt and algae clumps10 to 60 µm40 and 20 µm
Single-cell green algae2 to 20 µmMostly passes through, even 20 µm

Sizes are typical ranges for orientation, not exact values for your water.

The last row matters. Free-floating green water algae are smaller than any practical drum filter panel, so a drum filter alone does not clear green water. That is the job of a UV stage, covered in UV lamp sizing and dose.

COMPARE

20, 40, 70, 100 or 120 micron compared

Each step in panel size trades clarity against rinse frequency. Use the table first, then read the notes under it.

PanelCatchesRinse rateTypical use
20 µmVery fine silt and algae clumpsConstantSpecial polishing, clean supply water only
40 µmFine particles and some green hazeHighClear show ponds with a light solids load
70 to 75 µmVisible haze, waste and debrisBalancedMost koi ponds and water gardens
100 µmLarger particles and flakesLowHeavy leaf load or lightly stocked ponds
120 µmCoarse solids onlyVery lowPre-screening ahead of another stage

Ranges are guidance. Confirm which panels fit your model before you order.

Finer is not always cleanerA 20 micron panel clogs so quickly that it spends most of its time rinsing, which shortens nozzle and pump life and can leave less water filtering.
Coarser is not always lazierA 120 micron panel rinses rarely, but fine solids pass to the biofilter, where they decay and add to ammonia.
Balance winsAt 70 to 75 micron the screen catches what you can see while keeping the rinse rate low enough to run all year.
RINSE WATER

Clearer water against more rinses

A finer panel clogs sooner, so the level sensor trips more often and the drum rinses more often. Each rinse uses water from the rinse pump, and the waste water goes to the drain or a settling tank. Use the estimator to see what a given rinse rate means for you.

Open the planning workbench ↗

Rinse water per day = rinses per hour x seconds per rinse x pump flow in litres per second x 24. The starting rates for each panel are illustrations only. Your solids load, feeding and season decide the real rate, so read it from the drum itself.

Read the result in context. A drum that rinses a few times an hour uses a very small share of the flow it treats. A drum that rinses constantly uses a lot more, and it also wears faster. If your waste line, settling tank or sewer connection limits the water you can discharge, that argues for a coarser panel.

BY SYSTEM

Why most koi ponds run 70 micron, and when to change

Koi are heavy feeders and produce a steady stream of fine waste. A 70 micron panel catches the particles that cloud the water and feed algae, without clogging every few minutes. That balance is why it is the common choice. Change it only when your system gives you a clear reason.

Go finer

40 or 20 micron when the load is light

  • Lightly stocked ponds where maximum clarity matters.
  • Show ponds and quarantine systems with careful feeding.
  • Water that arrives already clean, such as a treated supply.
  • Only if the waste line can take the extra rinse water.
Go coarser

100 or 120 micron when the load is heavy

  • Heavy leaf fall or string algae that blinds a fine screen.
  • Large fish stocks that foul a fine panel within minutes.
  • A drum that rinses almost non-stop and cannot catch up.
  • Pre-screening ahead of a second, finer stage.
Koi ponds70 to 75 micron is the balanced start. Move to 100 micron if leaves or algae keep the drum busy.
Natural swimming ponds70 to 100 micron suits most. The plant zone handles the finest fraction, so the drum can stay coarser.
Aquaculture and RASOften 70 to 100 micron for the main loop. Fine solids matter more as feed rate rises, so read drum filter for aquaculture.
Aquaponics and hydroponicsChoose by what must stay out of emitters and pumps. See drum filter for hydroponics.
HOW TO CHOOSE

Start with 70 micron, change the panel later

Choosing a panel does not need guesswork. Follow the same short path each time and let the drum tell you what it needs.

  1. Start with the standard panelFit the 70 to 75 micron screen. It is the right answer for most systems, and it gives you a reference.
  2. Run a full seasonWatch the drum through feeding peaks, leaf fall and warm weather. One week of data is not enough, because loads change.
  3. Decide with real dataCount rinses per hour and how long each takes. A drum that rarely rinses has room to go finer. A drum that rinses all day needs a coarser panel.
  4. Change at the next serviceSwap the panel when the drum is already open for routine care, and test again for a few weeks.
  5. Add the right partner stageIf haze remains, add UV or a better biofilter rather than a finer screen that clogs.
THROUGH THE YEAR

Mesh size through the seasons

A panel that is perfect in April can be wrong in October. The load on the screen follows feeding, temperature and weather, and the drum shows it.

SpringAlgae and rising feed raise the load. If a fine panel blinds, switch to 70 micron or 100 micron until the system settles.
SummerThe heaviest feeding of the year. Expect more frequent rinses, and watch the waste line and rinse pump.
AutumnLeaf fall can overload any panel. Net the pond or fit a skimmer so leaves do not reach the screen.
WinterFeeding falls and so does the load. The drum rinses rarely, so protect the rinse line and drain against frost.

The maintenance schedule lays out the seasonal checks.

READ THE DRUM

Reading the rinse pattern

The rinse pattern is the most honest signal you have. It tells you whether the panel suits the system long before the water changes.

What you seeWhat it usually meansWhat to do
Rinses every few minutes, all dayPanel too fine, or a very heavy loadCheck feed rate, then move to a coarser panel
Rinses rarely, water slightly hazyPanel too coarse for the fine fractionTry a finer panel or add UV
Rinse starts but the level stays highScreen blinded by grease or biofilmDeep clean the screen and check the nozzles
Steady, short rinses at a balanced ratePanel suits the loadLeave it alone

Always rule out blocked nozzles and a weak rinse pump before changing the panel. Our troubleshooting guide covers both.

If the pattern looks wrong, the troubleshooting guide gives a fault-finding path.

MATERIAL

Screen material and why it matters

The panel is only as good as the material it is made from. Pureflow drum filters use 316 stainless steel screens because stainless holds its opening size under repeated high-pressure rinsing and resists corrosion in pond and farm water. A screen that stretches or frays changes the micron rating you chose, and the filter slowly stops doing the job.

Opening stays trueStainless does not swell or stretch, so a 75 micron screen is still 75 micron after thousands of rinses.
Withstands the sprayHigh-pressure nozzles clean the screen every cycle, and stainless takes that without wearing.
Easy to inspectLook for dents, tears or fat build-up at every seasonal check, and replace damaged panels promptly.
AVOID THESE

Mistakes to avoid when choosing a panel

Most panel problems come from the same handful of choices.

Avoid

Choices that cause trouble

  • Choosing the finest panel in the hope of clearer water.
  • Expecting a drum filter to remove green water algae.
  • Changing the panel before checking nozzles and pump.
  • Judging the panel on one week of data.
Do

Habits that work

  • Start at 70 to 75 micron and watch the rinse rate.
  • Use UV for green water and a drum for solids.
  • Check the nozzles and pump first, then the panel.
  • Change panels at the next scheduled service.
PROJECT REVIEW

Confirm the hydraulic duty

Use these questions to prepare a project brief or an operating review. Check an item only when the information has been recorded for your installation.

0 of 3 checked

This checklist is a working aid in the current page session, not a saved maintenance record.

QUESTIONS

drum filter mesh size FAQ

What micron drum filter is best for a koi pond?

70 to 75 micron is the usual choice. It catches visible waste and haze and rinses at a balanced rate. Pureflow Standard drum filters use a 75 micron stainless steel screen.

Is 40 micron better than 70 micron?

Only when the solids load is light. A 40 micron panel catches finer particles but rinses far more often, uses more rinse water, and can blind on a heavily fed pond.

How small is 70 micron?

70 micron is 0.07 mm, about the width of a fine human hair. Anything larger stays on the screen.

What is the difference between micron and mesh?

Micron is the size of each opening, so a smaller number is finer. Mesh count is the number of openings per inch, so a larger number is finer.

Can a drum filter remove green water?

Not on its own. Single-cell algae are smaller than any practical panel. Use a UV stage, such as the Pro RDF, to clear green water.

Can I change the micron size of my drum filter?

Yes. The panel can be swapped for another micron size. Do it at a scheduled service and check which sizes fit your model.

What micron drum filter is used in aquaculture?

Often 70 to 100 micron for the main loop. The best choice depends on feed rate, fish size and how fine the solids are.

Does a finer filter panel use more water?

Yes. A finer panel clogs sooner, so the drum rinses more often and uses more rinse water.

How do I know my panel is wrong?

Read the rinse pattern. Constant rinsing points to a panel that is too fine, and persistent haze with rare rinsing points to one that is too coarse.

Will a coarser panel damage my biofilter?

It can add fine solids to the biofilter, which decay and raise ammonia. Use the coarser panel only when the load demands it, and keep the biofilter sized for the feed.

KEEP READING

Discuss your system with Pureflow.

Share your application, operating volume, actual flow, loading and the question you are trying to resolve.

Discuss on WhatsApp ↗
Scroll to Top